Archive for July, 2008

BMW Number One – waiting for the half year report

July 21, 2008

The main share of cost savings in BMW’s  strategy program “Number One” is supposed to come from Purchasing and Supplier Network (see my recent post).

It now turns out that the cost development for raw materials and existing contract clauses with suppliers play heavily against this strategy. Prices for aluminum and copper have increased by 22% since the beginning of 2008, the steel price has increased by 58%. Most of BMW’s suppliers have price adjustment clauses in their contracts which allow them to pass on these price increases to BMW. The drop of the US-Dollar vs. the Euro of another 10% since start of the year is another critical fact. At the same time sales are dropping in the US and Japan. With all these bad news will they still manage to reach their ambitious targets for this year?

Beginning of August BMW will present its numbers for the first half of 2008 – so let’s have a closer look then.

The power of commodity trees

July 14, 2008

Commodity trees are essential for categorization of spend and running successful eProcurement but when it comes to eSourcing the use of commodity trees is still far behind its potential. Some companies categorize their eSourcing projects and templates but most of them fail to draw meaningful information from this.

Challenge #1 – One commodity tree

A lot of companies are faced by the challenge that they are still using multiple commodity trees in parallel. This is mainly due to the lack of a central categorization policy and due to mergers and acquisitions. Each time they take over a new company the will most likely inherit another commodity tree. The only way out of this dilemma is to take a decision for one central scheme and enforce usage on it.

 Challenge #2 – Consistent usage

Many companies still leave it optional for the buyer to categorize projects, templates and suppliers. This might be a convenient approach but its wrong – in my point of view categorization should be mandatory always. People are lazy and if you give them the option to “NOT categorize” what do you expect?

Challenge #3 – Creating value from categorization

Almost all systems still lack of delivering meaningful and valuable information based on commodity trees. Here is my idea how this can be improved and how you can unleash the power of commodity trees:

Unleash the power

As a prerequisite is must be mandatory for each buyer to categorize eSourcing events, projects and templates – not more but also not less. Once you have ensured this you can use this data and teach your eSourcing system to become more intelligent.

A  simple example

A buyer creates an RFQ for transport services by rail. Using e.g. UNSPSC he will categorize the RFQ as “78101600 Rail Cargo Transport” . The buyer will invite 12 suppliers from 3 different countries to bid on the RFQ.

Now here is the trick!

As the suppliers have been invited to bid on the RFQ they most likely can provide the required service. So why not automatically assign them to the category “78101600 Rail Cargo Transport”? By applying this approach your supplier database will become more intelligent with each eSourcing event that you run without any extra manual effort!

The same rule can be applied to the buyer. As he has conducted an RFQ in this category he might be a good contact person for other buyers to share knowledge. So why not automatically assign the buyer to this category also?

To really leverage this information all buyers should be able to search the eSourcing system by commodity. Just by searching for “78101600 Rail Cargo Transport” you will instantly get access to all buyers in your company who have been active in this commodity. You will get a list of all suppliers your company has already been in contact with and you will see a track record of past events which have been conducted in this field. 

Everyone is talking about best practice knowledge sharing – I call this a good start!

Collaborative Networks in Emerging Markets

July 11, 2008

In January 2008 PricewaterhouseCoopers released their Annual Global CEO Survey based on interviews and responses from over 1100 company leaders. The most significant pattern in the report was showing that while company leaders in the developed economies see the economic downturn as the biggest challenge to their business the CEOs of companies in the emerging markets (China, India, Brazil, Mexico, Russia, SE Asia and CEE-countries) remain optimistic. In April 2008 PwC followed up with a special report about companies in the emerging economies. Economists have several explanations to the optimism and growth expectations in these countries including outsourcing trends, stabilising inflation, productivity increase etc. Some economists now even talk about a total decoupling of the ecosystems.

More than half of the sales growth in multinational companies is said to come from the emerging markets. In the next decade more than one billion new consumers will appear in the emerging markets. The report shows that not only does companies in the emerging countries fend off multinational companies from the developed world; they also chose their own path building their own networks and even plan to outsource some of their non-core activities to other companies in other countries. The PwC report describes different strategies for these companies to compete in a more globalizing market.

One strategy described is process driven advantages and more specifically Supply Chain Processes. From being a low-cost supplier to multinational corporations the companies in emerging markets now start to build their own supply chains and supplier networks some even look at outsourcing possibilities. As an example an Indian mobile phone operator outsourced their network management to Ericsson, IT-service to IBM and customer support to Nortel.

One thing that company leaders in both emerging and developed economies regardless of size have pointed out as a top factor for business success is the need for efficient partner collaboration and business networking. CEOs in Asian companies tend to give this more credence than their counterparts in developed countries. The report further shows that most companies have not yet developed a systematic way of developing and capitalizing on networks. It is more ad-hoc and opportunistic than part of the companies business objectives and systems. There is also a lack of understanding of what kind of networks that are possible as well as what tools are available to efficiently work with the networks.

Change happens… but sometimes you have to give it a push

July 10, 2008

Perhaps its only coincidence but in the past few weeks I have been asked by several customers about the same problem: We have created a great solution but its usage is still quite poor. Why?
Well in general it is difficult to get a group of people to do what you would like them to do (every manager knows that by own experience). If you then add the nature of complexity and most peoples reluctance to change to it you end up with low compliance regarding processes, methodologies and system usage.
 
You could either shrug of your shoulders and pretend that this is just normal – thus accepting it and missing a big part of the benefits of your purchasing activities. Or you could do something about it – and there is plenty of things that could be done about it:

  • Set up purchasing policies that include your processes, methodologies and system.
  • Define a communication plan and use all existing channels (e.g. in a Newsletter, in your Intranet, in your Company Publication…)
  • Perform trainings, roadshows and presentations to super-users, users and management.
  • Form alliances by including other departments.

There are sure even more things you could do – just be creative!
 
But the most important thing is:
Assign a dedicated resource with enough time for this! And by that you shouldn´t assign this work to a strategic buyer that already has plenty of other things to do and isn´t measured on it. Assign someone who is measured on this compliance and who will fight for the usage of your tools.
 
In most of the cases where system compliance was low, change management activities have been neglected. Its about time to change this if you want to succeed with your initiatives!

 

/Abdülkadir Tekin / IBX Consulting

Cheese to Change

July 9, 2008

Lately we published the book Purchasing Transformation, which covers the necessary changes for a purchasing department to cope with the actual challenges of the global economy. When it comes to implement changes within an organization, one of the main drivers are still the people, who are supposed to adopt. According to the Handelsblatt businesss monitor, Europe’s top managers are displeased with their organizations when it comes to the ability to change. (The other main showstoppers are the qualification of the executives as well as the lack of customer focus).

In my opinion, the reason for that is that most executives are not focused on the human factor, when it comes to conduct changes in a big organization. First of all, they have already done the change process themselves: they understand already, that a change is necessary and they know, what they want to change and how they want to achieve it. They forget very often to communicate these findings to their employees. What does the market look like, what do we want to achieve with the new strategy, how do do we want to achieve it?

Besides communication, you have to understand, what is happening to people, when there is change going on. A good model was developed by the psychologist Cynthia Scott. People confronted with change go through four phases: ignorance, resistance, explanation and finally acceptance. The speed at which these phases are completed varies substantially from person to person. It is important that each of these four phases should be accepted and that active support should be provided.

Some very good inspirations about change can be found in the book “Who moved my Cheese” by Spencer Johnson. In the style of a parable, it describes how to anticipate, monitor and adapt to change. Actually, I would give that book to every new employee in my company. As soon, as you have the right attitude in a organization, enjoying change becomes a part of the culture.

The hunt for purchasing talent

July 7, 2008

A recent study of A.T. Kearny revealed that there are currently more than 6000 open management positions in purchasing all over Europe. This clearly underlines the shift of purchasing from an executing function to a top management position with a growing set of responsibilities.  Besides traditional tasks like managing the purchasing, the suppliers and the cost reduction programs additional topics have moved onto the agenda of the CPO organization:

  • Supply Risk Management
  • Sustainability
  • Managing partnerships
  • Achieving competitive advantages
  • Driving external innovation

But due to the traditional image of purchasing attracting candidates won’t become easier. The new purchasing manager role requires a much more strategic skill set with a high focus on communication and networking. This change definitely makes purchasing more attractive for young professionals. On the other hand the role also becomes more generic and purchasing will compete with other departments for these candidates.

My current perception is that most young professionals with the required skills won’t  consider purchasing as their first choice so I highly recommend to invest in marketing the new purchasing function at universities, in the media and on the job market.

 

The hunt for talent is on!

CHAT … and boost your productivity by 60%

July 4, 2008

I always knew it: having some short chats increases the productivity during work time. But only, when it is done between two tasks, not during a task. That was the finding of a study done at MIT, which was reviewed by John Whitfield in the magazine Nature (click here to read the full story)

Especially people that have to work in a team (like purchasers) increase their output by having short discussions. In the MIT study the most connected person got 60% more done than the least connected. For the researchers this was a complete surprise. They guessed that the direct reporting lines and the interactions with the managers would have influence, but as a matter of fact the informal network was the real efficiency driver. (Probably the “Fika” – a kind of a coffee-tea-break at 3 p.m. – is the secret to success of the Swedish economy.)

Another finding was, and that is obvious, that productivity melts down, when somebody wants to chat with you during a task. The most productive workers were the people with the most consistent behaviour.

Understanding who has the upper hand

July 2, 2008

One approach to sourcing strategies that is not too often used is the Power concept developed by Professor Andrew Cox ( Institute for Business Strategy and Procurement at Birmingham Business School).  One of the key elements of the concept is to regard the supply chain as a chain of actors with varying degree of relative power against each other. To make it simple, the relative power can be expressed as: Company A > Company B < Company C. This means that Company A is a buyer towards Company B and Company B is a buyer towards Company C. And in this example A has the power against B but B does not have that against C. This means, very simplified, that any attempt by A to reduce costs will be limited by the relationship between B and C. So to optimise the entire value chain, A needs to consider to change the balance towards C.  

A real life example could be from a construction company: The construction company has the power against its sub contractors but for some materials the sub contractors have more or less no power against the material distributors. This is the case since the sub-contractor market consists of small companies  whereas parts of the material market can be described like an oligopoly. To get around this the construction company can consider several options including to in-source the material distribution or to leverage their buying power to sign frame agreements (to be used by the subcontractors) directly with the distributors.

Another interesting aspect is to watch out for the change in relative power pre- and post contract. Anyone that has been involved in a big outsourcing deal knows that the outsourcing companies dance for your before the deal. But when the ink is on the paper, it all tips over to their favour. A 7 year deal is signed and the spec (and thereby your attractive price list) slides over time. Today many companies therefore have more mature ways of doing outsourcing.

Gustav Hasselskog, IBX Consulting 

European Top Managers Refocus on Expense Reduction

July 2, 2008

According to Germany’s leading business newspaper “Handelsblatt” European top managers shift their attention more towards the reduction of expenses again. In the Handelsblatt Business Monitor, 1170 European Top Managers answer, on a regular basis, questions regarding future strategies.

This result is a major turnaround. Only one year ago the strategic focus on the acceleration of growth had a share of 49%, this time only 36%. The focus on the reduction of expenses increased to 31% (last year 25%). A balanced importance for both areas see one third of the participants. 

The reasons for the increasing cost focus are obvious: the high prices for raw material (especially steel and oil), increasing costs for energy and logistics, the enduring weakness of the dollar and the associated decreasing market growth in general. The question is: how will the corporations achieve the savings targets?

Of course, we will see again some restructuring projects, which will lead to mass layoffs (Siemens, RWE, Volvo already started). But: according to Handelsblatt, this time the main focus will be on the improvement of global raw material purchasing, replacement of actual used raw materials as well as re-design of the supply and value chain. This sounds like there are some promising opportunities at the horizon, to prove the value of the purchasing function …

In the Handelsblatt Business Monitor 401 Top Managers from Germany, 250 from the U.K., 207 from France, 153 from Italy, 103 from Switzerland and 56 from Austria are included.

Microsoft XP vs. VISTA: Negotiate it!

July 1, 2008

Markets react really strange sometimes: although the new Microsoft operating system Windows Vista is supposed to deliver higher security, better performance and a smarter architecture, people still want to buy the forerunner version Windows XP. As it does not fit, the official Microsoft strategy to sell XP anymore, there are strange reactions going on: the main distributors like Dell or HP officially sell VISTA computers. But: to fulfill the demands of the market, they “pre-downgrade” the VISTA computers to XP computers (click here to read an article about it on heise online).

Of course, that does not really help Microsoft to get the optimum spread for their new operating system. Major marketing campaigns failed to convince people that VISTA really is the better choice. Even big corporations like Daimler or Intel prefer to “downgrade” to XP.

How could you exploit that situation as a purchaser? Every Microsoft salesman has the “deployment rate” in his KPIs, not only for the operating system but also for the other MS office products. When your internal IT wants to switch to VISTA use the given circumstances: get some additional discount or add on licenses, because you are helping to fulfill the deployment of Windows VISTA.


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